Tài liệu Tổng quan thế hệ địa chỉ Internet mới IPv6: 7QJTXDQ
7KKxDFKLQWHUQHWP⁄L
LSY
&KLWLW
.KLTXWFKXQJ
wÊDFKWKKP–LFãD,QWHUQHW,3Y,3DGGUHVVYHUVLRQ~}†F1KĐP
FKX\zQWUFKYN¿WKXW,(7),QWHUQHW(QJLQHHULQJ7DVN)RUFHFãD+LS
K›L,QWHUQHW~[XWWK…FKLQNWK‚DWUzQFXWUảFYW“FKằFFãD,3Y
,3Y FĐ EÂW ~ÊD FK Y–L NK QxQJ OÀ WKX\W FĐ WK FXQJ FSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO ~ÊDFK&⁄Q,3YFĐELW~ÊD
FKGLK|QOQVRY–L,3YQK}QJNKQxQJOÀWKX\WFĐWKFXQJFSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO
~ÊDFKQKLXK|QNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKFãD,3YONKRQJWắWắWắ
OQY O\WU⁄QV‹O F⁄QO\WU⁄QV‹ONKRQJ
WắWắWắWắ~ÊDFK6‹~ÊDFKQ\QXUL~XWUzQEPWTX~WWKPôL
PWYX{QJFĐNKRQJWắWắ~ÊDFK YGLQWÂFKE
PWTX~WNKRQJWắPWYX{QJ
wy\ O...
23 trang |
Chia sẻ: hunglv | Lượt xem: 1459 | Lượt tải: 0Free
Bạn đang xem trước 20 trang mẫu tài liệu Tổng quan thế hệ địa chỉ Internet mới IPv6, để tải tài liệu gốc về máy bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
7QJTXDQ
7KKxDFKLQWHUQHWP⁄L
LSY
&KLWLW
.KLTXWFKXQJ
wÊDFKWKKP–LFãD,QWHUQHW,3Y,3DGGUHVVYHUVLRQ~}†F1KĐP
FKX\zQWUFKYN¿WKXW,(7),QWHUQHW(QJLQHHULQJ7DVN)RUFHFãD+LS
K›L,QWHUQHW~[XWWK…FKLQNWK‚DWUzQFXWUảFYW“FKằFFãD,3Y
,3Y FĐ EÂW ~ÊD FK Y–L NK QxQJ OÀ WKX\W FĐ WK FXQJ FSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO ~ÊDFK&⁄Q,3YFĐELW~ÊD
FKGLK|QOQVRY–L,3YQK}QJNKQxQJOÀWKX\WFĐWKFXQJFSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO
~ÊDFKQKLXK|QNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKFãD,3YONKRQJWắWắWắ
OQY O\WU⁄QV‹O F⁄QO\WU⁄QV‹ONKRQJ
WắWắWắWắ~ÊDFK6‹~ÊDFKQ\QXUL~XWUzQEPWTX~WWKPôL
PWYX{QJFĐNKRQJWắWắ~ÊDFK YGLQWÂFKE
PWTX~WNKRQJWắPWYX{QJ
wy\ O P›W NK{QJ JLDQ ~ÊD FK F…F O–Q Y–L P•F ~ÂFK NK{QJ FK FKR
,QWHUQHWP
F⁄QFKRWWFFFPQJP\WÂQKKWK‹QJYLQWK{QJKWK‹QJ~LXNKLQ
YWKPFKÂFKRW‚QJYWG•QJWURQJJLD~QK1J}fiLWDQĐLUQJW‚QJFKLF
~LXKR Wã OQK P\JLWKD\Q'L F|P~LQYYFãD W‚QJJLD~QKP›W
FàQJVPDQJP›W~LFK,3Y~FKãQKyQFãDFKảQJFĐWKNWQ‹LYUD
OQKW‚[D1KXFXKLQWLFKFQNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3YF⁄Q
G…SK⁄QJFKRW}|QJODL
,,&‹XWUếFÀDFK”,3Y
wÊDFK,3Y~}†FFKLDUDO–S$%&’(F⁄Q,3YOL~}†FSKyQUDO
ORLFKÂQKVDX
8QLFDVW$GGUHVV wÊD FK ~|Q K}–QJ / ~ÊD FK G‡QJ ~ QKQ
GQJW‚QJ1RGHP›W1RGHwLP1ảWOWSK†SFFWKLWEÊFKX\QPFK
QPflWUXQJWyPQK}5RXWHUFK
QJKQF•WKOP›WJĐLV‹OLX~}†FJ„L
W–LP›W~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJV~}†FFKX\QW–L1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJ
8QLFDVW~Đ
$Q\FDVW$GGUHVV wÊDFKEWN‰K}–QJQR /~ÊDFKG‡QJ~
QKQGQJP›W7SK†S1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX1RGHNKFQKDXK†SWKQK
F• WK OP›WJĐL V‹ OLX~}†FJ„L W–LP›W~ÊD FK %W FằK}–QJQR V
~}†F FKX\Q W–L P›W 1RGH JQ QKW WURQJ 7S K†S 1RGH PDQJ ~ÊD FK
DQ\FDVW~Đ
0XOWLFDVW$GGUHVV wÊD FK ~D K}–QJ / ~ÊD FK G‡QJ ~ QKQ
GQJP›W7SK†S1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX1RGHNKFQKDXK†SWKQK F•
WKOP›WJĐLV‹OLX~}†FJ„LW–LP›W~ÊDFK~DK}–QJV~}†FFKX\Q
W–LWWFFF1RGHWURQJ7SK†S1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW~Đ
8QLFDVW$GGUHVV
7URQJORL~ÊDFKQ\OLFĐUWQKLXNLXFKảQJWDKD\[HPP›WV‹NLX
FKÂQKVDX~y\
D/RFDOXVHXQLFDVWDGGUHVVwÊDFK~|QK}–QJG‡QJQ›LE›~}†F
V„G•QJFKRP›W7“FKằFFĐPQJP\WÂQKULzQJG‡QJQ›LE›FK}DQ‹L
Y–LPQJ,QWHUQHWWRQFXKLQWLQK}QJVQVQJQ‹L~}†FNKLFQ
wÊDFKQ\FKLDWKQKKDLNLX/LQN/RFDOQKQGQJ~}fiQJNWQ‹L
Q›LE›Y6LWH/RFDOQKQGQJWURQJSKPYLQ›LE›FĐWKFĐQKLXQKĐP
1RGH6XEQHW
0X~ÊDFKFKR/LQN/RFDO+QKY
ELW
1111111010
10 Bit
00000 . . . . . 0000
54 Bit
Interface ID
64 Bit
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊFFKFãD/LQN/RFDO
0X~ÊDFKFKR6LWH/RFDO+QKY
10 Bit
Interface ID
64 Bit38 Bit
00000 . .0
16 Bit
Subnet ID1111111011
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊDFKFãD6LWH/RFDO
&FELW~XWLzQWU}fiQJK†SQ\OELWW}|QJW…QK}FFELWQKQGQJ
O–S ~ÊD FK &ODVV%LW FãD ,3Y QK}QJfl ,3Y ~}†F JÔL O 3UHIL[ G‡QJ ~
SKyQELWFFORLFFNLX~ÊDFKNKFQKDXWURQJ,3Y
7URQJFKDLWU}fiQJK†SQzXWUzQWU}fiQJ,QWHUIDFH,’~QKQGQJWKLW
EÊQK}1RGHKD\5RXWHUQK}QJ~XV„G•QJF‡QJWzQ0LQ
E,3;$GGUHVV,QWHUQHZRUN3DFNHWH;FKDQJHWUDR~“LFFJĐLV‹
OLXJL”DFFPQJJLDRWKằFF|EQWURQJK~LXKQK1RYHOO1HWZDUH
wÊDFK
,3;~}†FFKX\QVDQJ,3YWKHRGQJVDX+QKY
7 Bit
0000010
121 Bit
To be define
7…~ÊQKQJKĂD
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊDFK,3;
F,3Y$GGUHVVZLWKHPEHGGHG,3YwÊDFK,3YJQNP,3Y
wy\ OP›W FX WUảFTXDQ WUÔQJ WURQJE}–FFKX\Q WLS~“L W‚~ÊDFK Fà
VDQJ~ÊDFKP–LWUzQ,QWHUQHW&ĐKDLNLXVDX
.LX~ÊDFK,3YW}|QJWKÂFKY–L,3Y1K”QJ1RGHPDQJ~ÊD
FK,3YV„G•QJNLX~ÊDFKQ\~ WL~ÊDFK ,3YflELWVDXQK}Y\
P–LNWQ‹L~}†FY–LFF1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK,3Y+QKY
80 Bit
000. . . . . . . . . . . . .000
16 Bit 32 Bit
0 0 0 0 IPv4 Address
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK,3YW}|QJWKÂFKY–L,3Y
.LX~ÊD FK ,3YJL OP ,3Y 1K”QJ1RGHPDQJ~ÊD FK
,3YV„G•QJNLX~ÊDFKQ\~ W}|QJ WKÂFKY–L ,3YFĐY\P–LNWQ‹L
~}†FY–LFF1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK,3Y+QKY
80 Bit
000. . . . . . . . . . . . .000
16 Bit 32 Bit
IPv4 AddressF F F F
+QKY&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK,3YJLO,3Y
6…NKFQKDXFãDKDLNLX~ÊDFKQ\OELWFãDNLXWKằQKWJLWUÊWWF
FFELW~X F⁄QNLXWKằKDLJLWUÊWWFFFELW~X 0¯+H[DOO
))))
G$JJUHJDWH*OREDO8QLFDVW$GGUHVVwÊDFK~|QK}–QJWUzQPQJ
WRQFX.LX~ÊDFKQ\~}†FWKLWN~FKRF,63KLQWLYW}|QJODL
,63WURQJW}|QJODLFĐTX\P{O–QK|QQK}OFF,QWHUQHW&DUULHU7U}fiQJ
K†SQ\~}†FJÔL OFF7UXQJ WyPFKX\Q~“L ([FKDQJHV WUzQ ,QWHUQHW
FXQJFSNKQxQJ WUX\QKSYGÊFKY• ,QWHUQHWFKRFNKFKKQJ HQG
XVHUOQ,63KLQWLP›WV‹F{QJW\O–QFãD0¿~¯FĐTX\P{Q\+QK
Interface ID
64 Bit16 Bit3 Bit 32Bit13 Bit
SLA IDFP TLA ID NLA ID
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJWUzQPQJWRQFX
)3)RUPDW3UHIL[1KQGQJNLX~ÊDFK
,QWHUIDFH,’1KQGQJ1RGH
6/$,’6LWH/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSY‡QJ
1/$,’1H[W/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSWLSWKHR
7/$,’7RS/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSFDRQKW
,,$Q\FDVW$GGUHVV
.LX~ÊDFKQ\FàQJW}|QJW…QK}8QLFDVWQX~ÊDFKSKyQFKRP›W
1RGHWK~ĐO8QLFDVW F‡QJ~ÊDFK~ĐSKyQFKRQKLX1RGHWK~Đ OL O
$Q\FDVW9~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~SKyQFKRP›W1KĐP1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX
1RGHK†SWKQKP›W6XEQHW0›WJĐLV‹OLXJ„LW–LP›W~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LP›W1RGH5RXWHUJQQKWWURQJ6XEQHWPDQJ~ÊDFK
~Đ
n Bit
Subnet Prefix
( 128 - n ) Bit
000000. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 000
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW
,,,0XOWLFDVW$GGUHVV
wÊDFK~DK}–QJFãD,3Y~QKQGQJP›W7SK†S1RGHQĐLFFKNKF
P›WQKĐP1RGH7‚QJ1RGHP›WWURQJQKĐP~XFĐF‡QJ~ÊDFKQK}QKDX
+QK
8 Bit
11111111
4 Bit 4 Bit 112 Bit
Flgs Scop Group ID
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK~DK}–QJ
EÂW3UHIL[~XWLzQ~QKQGQJNLX~ÊDFK~DK}–QJELWWLS)OJV
FKRFfiY–LJLWUÊ
7EDELW~XF⁄QFK}DG‡QJ~QQzQ F⁄QELWWKằFĐ
JL WUÊ71X 7 FĐQJKĂD~ÊDFKQ\~¯~}†F1,&
SKyQF‹
~ÊQK
1X7 FĐQJKĂD~y\FKO~ÊDFKWPWKfiL
%‹QELWWLS6FRSFĐJLWUÊWKSSKyQW‚~QWÂQKWKHR+H[DOOW‚
~Q) 1XJLWUÊFãD6FRS &KR1RGH/RFDO
&KR/LQN/RFDO
&KR6LWH/RFDO
2UJDQL]LWLRQ/RFDO
(*OREDOVFRSwLFK,QWHUQHWWRQFX
&⁄QOL~X~DQJG…SK⁄QJ
9ÂG•&FPQJ/$1~DQJG‡QJWKHRFKXQ,(((0$&0HGLD
$FFHVV&RQWURONKLG‡QJ,3YNLX~DK}–QJVV„G•QJELWFX‹LWURQJ
W“QJV‹ELWGQKFKRQKQGQJQKĐP1RGH*URXS,’~WRUD~ÊD
FK0$&ELWF⁄QOLFK}DG‡QJW–LSKL~W +QK
8 Bit
11111111
4 Bit 4 Bit
Flgs Scop
32 Bit
80 Bit
00000 . . . . 00 MAC Address
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK0$&FãD/$1
,3Y&KLWLW
FXWU'FYyxFxLPF|FG}QJ
xDFK,3Y
,*LˇLWKL‚XFKXQJ
&XWU˜FFKXQJF´DflDFK',3Y
wÊDFKWURQJ,3YFĐFKLXGLELWVFĐWK~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›WJLDRGLQ
F•WKKRFP›WWSFFJLDRGLQ~LXQ\NKFY–L,3YP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
FK~ÊQKGDQKGX\QKWFKRP›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ7WFFFORL~ÊDFK
,3Y~}†FJQW–LQK”QJJLDRGLQNK{QJJQFKRFFQRGH9PôLJLDR
GLQFĐWKWKX›FYP›WQRGH~|QQzQEWN‰NLX~ÊDFKXQLFDVWFãDJLDR
GLQFĐWKV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKQRGH~ĐWUzQPQJ0›WJLDRGLQFĐWK
~}†FFKSQKQY–LEWN‰ORL~ÊDFKQR
3KzQORLflDFK',3Y
0›WWURQJQK”QJ~F~LPQ“LEWQKWFãD,3YOPflU›QJFXWUảF~ÊDFK
9–LWKLWNP–L,3YFKRSKSWxQJFKLXGLP›W~ÊDFK,3W‚ELWVOzQ
ELW9–LNLQWUảF~ÊDFKP–LQ\NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKWxQJOzQW–LP›W
FRQV‹Y{F‡QJO–Q’RY\NKFSK•FKQFKV‹O}†QJ~ÊDFKFãD,3Y
7X\QKLzQV‹O}†QJ~ÊDFKYFXWUảF~ÊDFKO–QFàQJOPFKRF|FKSKyQ
E“YTXQOÀ~ÊDFKWUflQzQSKằFWSK|QVRY–L,3Y&F~FWYNLQ
WUảF~ÊDFK,3Y~}†FP{WWURQJWLOLX5)&7KHRNLQWUảF~ÊDFK
FãD,3YFĐORL~ÊDFKQK}VDX
• iDFK8QLFDVW~ÊDFKQ\~}†FJQFKRPôLJLDRGLQ~|Q0›WJĐLWLQ
FĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†FFKX\Q~QP›WJLDRGLQF•WK
• iDFK$Q\FDVW~ÊDFKQ\~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJ
WK}fiQJOQK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDXYQK”QJJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†F
FKX\Q~‹LJLDRGLQJQQKWFĐ~ÊDFKQ\.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\G…D
YRNKRQJFFKJQQKW[F~ÊQKTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ
• iD FK 0XOWL&DVW ~ÊD FK Q\ ~}†F JQ FKR P›W QKĐP FF JLDR GLQ
WK{QJWK}fiQJOQK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDX0›WJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LWWFFFJLDRGLQFĐJQ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWQ\
/RL~ÊDFKiDQ\FDVWjFàQJV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGQJP›WQKĐPFFKRVWKRF
FFJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ6…NKFQKDXJL”DiDQ\FDVWjYiPXWLFDVWjOTX
WUQKFKX\QJĐLG”OLX7KD\YFKX\QW–LWWFFFWKQKYLzQWURQJ
QKĐPFFJĐL~}†FJ„LW‚P›W~ÊDFKiDQ\FDVWjFK~}†FSKWFKRP›W~LP
OWKQKYLzQJQQKWFãDQKĐP.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\~}†F[F~ÊQK
WK{QJTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ
.K{QJFĐORL~ÊDFKERDUGFDVWQK}WURQJ,3YYFKằFQxQJFãDORL~ÊDFK
Q\~¯EDRJ'PWURQJQKĐP~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVW
3KzQE•flDFK',3Y
.ÂFKWK}–FFãD~ÊDFK,3YFĐFKLXGLGLJSOQNÂFKWK}–FFãD~ÊDFK
WURQJ,3Y[ ’R~ĐOFĐNKRQJ[WNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
NKRQJ~ÊDFK
wy\OP›WNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKY{F‡QJO–Q7KHRWÂQKWRQOÀWKX\W}–F
WÂQKFĐNKRQJ~ÊDFKWUzQP›WPEPW
WUL~WJLV„UQJEPWWUL~WU›QJOP
7X\QKLzQNK{QJSKLWRQE›FF~ÊDFKQ\~X~}†FV„G•QJQK”QJ\zX
FXWURQJWK…FWYJQY~ÊQKWX\Q~ÊDFK\zXFXYLFWRP›WNLQWUảF
SKyQWQJOPFKRJLPKLXTXFãDYLFV„G•QJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK7KHR
WK‹QJNz~ÊDFKELWVFãD,3YFĐWKQPWURQJNKRQJ[~Q
[~ÊDFKWằFOW‹LWKLXOFĐ~ÊDFKWUzQP›WPEPWWUL~W
’RY\NKQxQJKW~ÊDFKWURQJ,3YOP›W~LXNK{QJW}flQJ
9LF[F~ÊQKORL~ÊDFKG…DYRFFELWV~XWLzQFãD~ÊDFK~Đ&|FK
Q\JÔLO~ÊQKGQJWLQW‹)3IRUPDW3UHIL[3KyQE‹FãD)3QK}VDX
3KyQE‹ 7LQW‹ &KLPWWUÔQJWURQJ
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
’…WU”
&K}D~ÊQKGDQK
’…WU”SKyQE“FKR16$3
’…WU”FKRSKyQE“,3;
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
wÊDFK8QLFDVWGQKFKRFF7/$WRS
/HYHO$JJHDEOH
&K}DJQ
’…WU”FKRFFPQJR
wÊDFK8QLFDVW
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
wÊDFK/LQNORFDO8QLFDVW
wÊDFK6LWHORFDO8QLFDVW
wÊDFK0XOWLFDVW
%rQJ 3KkQ E FtF SUHIL[
7KHRV…SKyQE“Q\FĐP›WSKQ~}†FGQKFKR~ÊDFK16$3~ÊDFK,3;
Y~ÊDFKWURQJFFPQJR9313KQF⁄QOLFãDNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
FK}D~}†FJQV~}†FV„G•QJWURQJW}|QJODL1K”QJSKQQ\FĐWK~}†F
V„G•QJ~PflU›QJQK”QJ~ÊDFK~DQJV„G•QJQK}WKzPFFQKFXQJFS
~ÊDFKKD\QK”QJQJ}fiLV„G•QJP–LYÂG•QK”QJPQJF•FE›KD\QK”QJ
QJ}fiLG‡QJ~|QO&KảÀUQJQKĐP~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FFKUDfl
WURQJEQJSKyQE“Q\YV…SKyQE“FãDFKảQJ~¯~}†FEDRWU‡PEflLNK{QJ
JLDQ~ÊDFKORLXQLFDVW
7KHRG…~RQFĐNKRQJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKV~}†FV„G•QJYRJLDL
~RQ~XF⁄QOLNKRQJV~}†FG…WU”FKRW}|QJODL
wTXQOÀNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKKLXTXYK†SOÀFFQKWKLWNJLDRWKằF
,3Y~¯~}DUDF|FKFSSKW~ÊDFKQK}VDX
&tFKFSSKzWFKXQJ
5ảWNLQKQJKLPW‚YLFSKyQE“~ÊDFKFãD,3YFFQKWKLWN,3Y~¯
[y\G…QJP›WF|FKSKyQE“~ÊDFKKRQWRQPflQJKĂDOQĐNK{QJSK•
WKX›FYRJLDL~RQEDQ~XKRQWRQFĐWKWKD\~“LWX‰WKX›FYRQK”QJ
ELQ~›QJWURQJW}|QJODLYYLFFSSKWYV„G•QJ~ÊDFKFKRFFGÊFK
Y•FFY‡QJNKFQKDX0WNKFQK”QJQJ}fiLWKLWN,3Y~¯G…~RQ
WU}–FQK”QJNKQxQJFĐWKSKLV„D~“LP›WYL~LPQK}FXWUảFFFORL
~ÊDFKPflU›QJP›WV‹ORL~ÊDFKWURQJW}|QJODLwLXQ\OKRQWRQ
~ảQJ~Q~‹LY–LP›WJLDRWKằF~DQJWURQJJLDL~RQ[y\G…QJYKRQ
WKLQ
3KyQORL~ÊDFK,3YNK{QJSKLFK~FXQJFS~\~ãFFGQJNKX{Q
PXYGQJWLQW‹FãDFFORL~ÊDFKNKFQKDX9LFSKyQORL~ÊDFK
WKHRFFGQJWLQW‹P›WPWFKRSKSFFKRVWQKQGQJUDFFORL~ÊD
FKPằQJY–LPôLORL~ÊDFKFKRFFằQJ[„NKFQKDXl9ÂG•Y–L~ÊD
FKFĐGQJWLQW‹)(KRVWVQKQGQJ~ĐO~ÊDFKOLQNORFDOFK
~NWQ‹LFFKRVWWURQJF‡QJP›WPQJKRFY–L~ÊDFKFĐGQJWLQW‹
)((VKLX~ĐO~ÊDFKFãDPQJ%RQHFXQJFS0WNKFY–L
~ÊQKGQJFF~ÊDFKWKHRWLQW‹FàQJFKRSKS~|QJLQWURQJFFEQJ
~ÊQKWX\QYNKL~ĐFF~XYRFãDFFEQJURXWHUVOQK”QJWLQW‹~|Q
JLQFKLXGLFãDQĐVELQ~“LW‚W–LELW&KFĐQJRLOGX\QKW
NKLQK”QJ~ÊDFK~ĐOLzQTXDQOQK”QJ~ÊDFK~FELW&FKRVWYURXWHU
WK…FV…SKLQKQUDFF~ÊDFKiPXWLFDVWjQK”QJ~ÊDFKQ\NK{QJWK
~}†F[„OÀJL‹QJQK}FF~ÊDFKiXQLFDVWiYiDQ\FDVWj&KảQJFàQJSKL
QKQUDFF~ÊDFK~FELWWLzXELXQK}~ÊDFKiOLQNORFDOj7LOLXFX
WUảFFàQJ~GQKWLQW‹FKRFF~ÊDFK~ÊDOÀF|VflFF~ÊDFKW}|QJWKÂF
Y–L16$3~ÊDFK~LPWUX\QKSGÊFKY•PQJ1HWZRUNVHUYLFH$FFHVV
3RLQWYFF~ÊDFKW}|QJWKÂFK,3;
%QJFSSKW~ÊDFK~¯FKUDWOV„G•QJFãDFFORL~ÊDFKWURQJNK{QJ
JLDQ~ÊDFK3KQFKLPNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO–QQKW~}†FV„G•QJFKRORL
~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWGQKFKRFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•,3YSURYLGHU
EDVHGSKyQWKHRQKFXQJFSQK}QJFàQJFKFKLPP›WSKQWUxPFãD
W“QJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK7WFF⁄QK|QNK{QJJLDQF⁄QOLFK}D~}†F
FSSKWSKQQ\FĐWKFXQJFSQK”QJF|K›LSKRQJSKảFKRYLFFS
SKWP–LWURQJW}|QJODL
&SSKzWvDFKWKHRQKwFXQJFS
7KHRFXWUảFEQJSKyQE“~ÊDFKflWUzQP›WWURQJV‹QK”QJORL~ÊDFK
,3YTXDQWUÔQJQKWOGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW’QJ~ÊDFKQ\FKR
SKS~ÊQKGDQKP›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ,QWHUQHWPQJ,3YFĐWÂQKGX\
QKWWUzQWRQFXÀQJKĂDORL~ÊDFKQ\FàQJJL‹QJQK}~ÊDFK,3Y~ÊQK
GDQKP›WKRVWWURQJPQJ,QWHUQHWKLQQD\.K{QJJLDQFãDGQJ~ÊDFK
*OREDO8QLFDVWOUWO–Q~TXQOÀYSKyQE“K†SOÀFFQKWKLWN,3Y
~¯~}DUDP{KQKSKyQE“~ÊDFKWKHRFSFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•
,QWHUQHW
’QJ~ÊDFKQ\J'PELWWLQW‹WKHRVDXEflLWKQKSKQPPôL
WKQKSKQQ\~}†FTXQOÀEflLFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•WKHRFFFS~›
NKFQKDX7X‰WKHRYLFSKyQE“~ÊDFKFFWKQKSKQQ\FĐP›WFKLX
GLELQ~“L~LXQ\P›WOQQ”DFKRWK\WÂQKi~›QJjWURQJYLFFSSKW
YTXQOÀ~ÊDFK,3Y
Q ELW P ELW R ELW S ELW PQRS ELW
,' ~xQJ NÀ ,' F´D QK FXQJ FS ,' F´D WKXz EDR ,' F´D PQJ FRQ ,' F´D JLDR WLS
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK ,3Y GuQJ *OREDO 8QLFDVW
7KQKSKQ~XWLzQO,’FãDFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•KQJ~XWLzQ7RS/HYHO
iUHJLVWU\j&àQJJL‹QJQK},3Y&ĐEDW“FKằFTXQOÀYLFFSSKW~ÊDFK,3Y
&FW“FKằFQ\FSSKWFFJLWUÊ7/$,’~XWLzQ&•WKFFW“FKằFQ\QK}
VDX
• .KXY…F%F0¿O,QWHUQHW1,&QHWZRUNLQIRUPDWLRQFHQWHUW“FKằFQ\
~LXNKLQEflL16,G}–LP›WK†S~'QJY–L861DWLRQDO6FLHQFH)RXQGDWLRQ
• .KXY…FFKyXrXO1&&QHWZRUN&RRUGLQRFWLRQ&HQWHUFãD5,3(KLS
K›LPQJ,3FKyXrX
• .KXY…FFKyXY7KL%QK’}|QJOW“FKằF$3,1&
• 1JRLUDF⁄QFĐP›WW“FKằFFKXQJFĐWKFSSKW~ÊDFKFKRFFNKXY…F
NKFQKDXO,$1$
&FQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•,QWHUQHW,3YSKLFĐP›WiSURYLGHV,’jQKQ
GQJQKFXQJFSW‚QK”QJ~xQJNÀWUzQ7KHRNKRFKFSSKW~ÊDFK
i3URYLGHU,’jOP›WV‹ELWELWWLSWKHRV~}†FFKREQJWURQJJLDL
~RQ~XlELWVQ\FK}DV„G•QJ~}†F~GQKFKRFFPflU›QJW}|QJ
ODL&KLWLWYYLFTXQOÀYSKyQE“~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWWKHRFFFS
~›QKFXQJFSV~}†FWUQKE\WURQJSKQ&XWUảFGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO
8QLFDVW
7URQJFXWUảFKLQWLQK”QJ~LP~xQJNÀFKÂQK~}†FE“[XQJEflLP›WV‹
O–QFF~LP~xQJNÀY‡QJKRFTX‹FJLDYÂG•)UHQFK1,&TXQOÀEflL
,15,$FKRFFPQJFãD3KS1K”QJ~LP~xQJNÀQ\VNK{QJ~}†F
QKQGQJEQJP›WV‹~xQJNÀ7KD\YR~ĐKÔVQKQ~}†FSKPYLQKQ
GQJFãDFFQKFXQJFSW‚FFF|Vfl~xQJNÀFKÂQK
9–LFXWUảFGQJ~ÊDFKP–LQ\FKRSKSFFNKFKKQJO–QFĐWKFĐ
~}†FFF~ÊQKGDQKQJQK|QY~LX~ĐVFKRKÔNKQxQJWKzPYRFF
O–SPQJP–LWURQJSKyQWQJPQJFRQFãDKÔ7K…FWFFNKFKKQJO–Q
F⁄QFĐWK~⁄L~}†FFKSQKQQK}QKFXQJFSFãDFKÂQKKÔYO\~}†F
,’QKFXQJFSW‚FF~LP~xQJNÀPNK{QJSKLOWKX›FYRQKFXQJ
FSGÊFKY•,QWHUQHW,63
&FFFKYLƒWflDFK',3Y
wÊDFK,3YFĐFKLXGLELWQzQYQ~QK–~ÊDFKOKWVằFNKĐ
NKxQ1XYLWWKHRGQJWK{QJWK}fiQJFãD~ÊDFK,3YWKP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
FĐQKĐPV‹KF|V‹’RY\FFQKWKLWN~¯FKÔQFFKYLW
ELW~ÊDFKWKQKQKĐPPôLQKĐPFKLPE\WHVPôLE\WHVELXGLQEQJ
V‹KPôLQKĐPQJxQFFKQKDXEflLGXKDLFKP9ÂG•
)(’/%$)(’&%$$%&’
.ÀKLXKH[DFĐO†LOJÔQJQJYQKQ~SK|Q7X\QKLzQFFKYLWQ\
FàQJJy\QK”QJSKằFWSQKW~ÊQKFKRQJ}fiLTXQOÀKWK‹QJPQJ1KQ
FKXQJPÔLQJ}fiLWK}fiQJV„G•QJWKHRWzQFFKRVWWKD\EQJFF~ÊDFK
~LXQ\~}†FSG•QJW‚,3YNKLP~ÊDFKF⁄Q~|QJLQK|QUWQKLX
0›WFFK~OPFKR~|QJLQK|QOFFTXLWFFKRSKSYLWWW9NKflL
~LPEDQ~XFKảQJWDVNK{QJV„G•QJWWFELWFKLXGL~ÊDFKGR~Đ
VFĐUWQKLXV‹NK{QJflFFELWV~X
0›WFLWLQ~XWLzQO~}†FSKSEƠTXDQK”QJV‹NK{QJ~ằQJWU}–FPôL
WKQKSKQKYLWWKD\YYLW~\~ãYÂG•YLWWKD\Y
YLWWKD\Y4XDFFKYLWQ\FKRFKảQJWDQK”QJ~ÊDFKQJQ
JÔQK|Q9ÂG•
&$
1JRLUD[XWKLQP›WTXLWFUảWJÔQNKF~ĐOTX\}–FYYLWKDLGXKDL
FKPGRXEOHFRORQ7URQJP›W~ÊDFKP›WQKĐPOLzQWLSFFV‹FĐWK
~}†FWKD\WKEflLKDLKDLGXFKP9ÂG•WDFĐWKWKD\WKQKĐPV‹
OLzQWLSWURQJYÂG•WU}–FY~}†FP›WPXQJQK|Q
&$
7‚~ÊDFKYLWWWQ\WDFĐWKYLWOL~ÊDFKFKÂQK[FEDQ~XQKfiTXLWF
VDXFxQWULFFV‹EzQWULFãDGXFKPNSWURQJ~ÊDFK6DX~ĐFxQ
SKLWWFFFV‹EzQSKLGXFKPY~LQ~\EQJFFV‹9ÂG•
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
4X\}–FKDLGXFKPNSFKFĐWK~}†FV„G•QJP›WOQY–LP›W~ÊDFK
9ÂG•%$FĐWK~}†FYLWWWWKQK%$
KRF%$QK}QJNK{QJWKYLWO%$YQK}
WKVJy\QKPOQNKLGÊFKUD~ÊDFK~\~ã
&ĐP›WV‹~ÊDFK,3YFĐ~}†FKQKWKQKEQJFFKJQELWYR~ÊD
FK,3YwLXQ\GGQJQKQELW~}†FYNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3YFKO
P›WWSFRQFãDWS~ÊDFK,3YwJLPQKƠQJX\F|QKPOQWURQJ
FKX\Q~“LJL”DNÀKLXFKPWKSSKyQFãD,3YYKDLGXFKPWKSSKyQ
FãDNÀKLX,3YFFQKWKLWN,3YFàQJ~¯~}DUDP›WNKX{QPX~F
ELWFKRFFKYLWQK”QJ~ÊDFKORLQ\QK}VDX7KD\YYLWWKHRFFKFãD
~ÊDFK,3YO
$
WDFĐWKYQ~ELWFX‹LWKHRPXFKPWKSSKyQ
1JRLUDF⁄QFĐWKYLW~ÊDFKPQJWKHRFFWLQW‹OFFELWFDRFãD~ÊD
FK,3YwLXQ\FĐO†LWURQJYLF~ÊQKWX\QP›W~ÊDFK,3YWKHRVDX
EflLP›WGXFKRYP›WV‹KP{WFKLXGLFFELWWLQW‹9ÂG•NÀ
KLX
)(’&%$
P{WP›WWLQW‹GLELWJLWUÊQKÊSKyQW}|QJằQJO
3K~}QJWKẫFJQflDFK',3Y
7KHR~FWFãDJLDRWKằF,3YWWFFFORL~ÊDFK,3Y~}†FJQFKRFF
JLDRGLQNK{QJJQFKRFFQRGHVNKFY–L,3Y0›W~ÊDFK,3YORL
8QLFDVWJÔLWWO~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WJLDRGLQ~|Q9PôL
JLDRGLQWKX›FYP›WQRGH~|QGRY\PôL~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~ÊQKGDQKP›W
JLDRGLQV~ÊQKGDQKP›WQRGH
0›WJLDRGLQ~|QFĐWK~}†FJQQKLXORL~ÊDFK,3YFKRSKSF
GQJ~ÊDFK~'QJWKfiL8QLFDVWDQ\FDVWPXOWLFDVW1K}QJQKWWKLWP›W
JLDRGLQSKL~}†FJQP›W~ÊDFK,3YGQJ8QLFDVWOLQNORFDO&FQKĐP
~ÊDFKFãDGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVWV~}†FWUQKE\flSKQVDXwWK…FKLQ
FFNWQ‹L3RLQWWRSRLQWJL”DFFJLDRGLQQJ}fiLWDWK}fiQJJQFF~ÊD
FKGQJ8QLFDVWOLQNORFDOFKRFFJLDRGLQWK…FKLQNWQ‹L
w'QJWKfiL,3YF⁄QFKRSKSP›W~ÊDFKXQLFDVWKRFP›WQKĐP~ÊDFK
XQLFDVWV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQ9–LSK}|QJWKằFJQ
~ÊDFKQ\P›WQKĐPJLDRGLQ~Đ~}†FKLXQK}OP›WJLDRGLQWURQJ
WQJ,3
7KHRWKLWNFãD,3YP›WKRVWFĐWK~ÊQKGDQKEflLFF~ÊDFKVDX
• 0›W~ÊDFKOLQNORFDOFKRPôLJLDRGLQJQY–LKRVW~Đ
• 0›W~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FFXQJFSEflLFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•
• 0›W~ÊDFKORRSEDFN
• 0›W ~ÊD FK 0XOWLFDVW P KRVW ~Đ O WKQK YLzQ WURQJ QKĐP FĐ ~ÊD FK
0XOWLFDVW~Đ
0›WURXWHUQXKôWU†,3YVQKQELW~}†FWWFFFORL~ÊDFKPKRVW
FKSQKQNWUzQQJRLUDQĐF⁄QFĐWK~}†FJQFFORL~ÊDFKQK}VDX
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW~}†FJQWUzQ5RXWHU
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~}†FFXKQKWUzQ5RXWHU
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWFãDYFFQKĐPWKX›FYURXWHUTXQOÀ
,,&‹XWUếFYÔFLàPFểDFFGQJÀDFK”,3Y
xflDFK'8QLFDVW
8QLFDVWOP›WWzQP–LWKD\FKRNLX~ÊDFK~LP~LPSRLQWWRSRLQW
~¯~}†FV„G•QJWURQJ,3Y/RL~ÊDFKQ\~}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFKR
P›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ0›WSDFNHWFĐ~ÊDFK~ÂFKOGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LJLDRGLQ~ÊQKGDQKEflL~ÊDFK~Đ
3KqQOR{LvDFK8QLFDVW
wÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FFKLDWKQKFFQKĐPQKƠQK}VDX
• iD FK*OREDO8QLFDVW w}†F V„ G•QJ ~ ~ÊQK GDQJ FF JLDR GLQ FKR
SKSWK…FKLQNWQ‹LFFKRVWWURQJPQJ,QWHUQHW,3YWRQFX7ÂQKFKW
ORL~ÊDFKQ\FàQJJL‹QJQK}~ÊDFK,3Y~ÊQKGDQKP›WKRVWWURQJPQJ
,QWHUQHWKLQQD\
• iDFK6LWHORFDOw}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQJFFJLDRGLQFKRSKSWK…F
KLQFFNWQ‹LJL”DFFKRVWWURQJPQJORFDO
• iDFKOLQNORFDOw}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKP›WJLDRGLQ
• 1JRLUDF⁄QFĐP›WV‹GQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVWNKFQK}16$3DGGUHVV,3;
DGGUHVV
0ôLGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~XFĐFXWUảFULzQJ6DX~y\VSKyQWÂFKFXWUảF
FãDFFGQJ~ÊDFKQ\
oDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
7KHR5)&P{WFXWUảFFFGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW’QJ~ÊDFKQ\
~}†FV„G•QJ~KôWU†FKRQK”QJQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•KLQ~DQJOFF
~XP‹LNWQ‹L,QWHUQHWFF,631JRLUDGQJ~ÊDFKQ\F⁄Q~}†FV„
G•QJ~KôWU†FFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•P–LFĐQKXFXNWQ‹LWRQFX
&XWUảFORL~ÊDFKQ\~}†F[y\G…QJWKHRNLQWUảFSKyQFSUƒUQJ&•
WKQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV
)3 7/$,’ 5(6 1/$,’ 6/$,’ ,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF GuQJ pD FK 8QLFDVW
7URQJ~Đ
• wÊQKGQJWLQW‹~‹LY–LORL~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
• 7/$,’ wÊQKGDQKFKRQK FXQJFSFDRQKW WURQJK WK‹QJ FF
QKFXQJFSGÊFKY• 7RS/HYHO$JJUHJDWLRQ
• 5(6 &K}DV„G•QJ
• 1/$,’ wÊQKGDQKFãDQKFXQJFS WLS WKHR WURQJK WK‹QJFF
QKFXQJFSGÊFKY•1H[W/HYHO$JJUHJDWLRQ
• 6/$,’ wÊQKGQKFF6LWHFãDFFNKFKKQJFX‹L
• ,QWHUIDFH,’ wÊQKGDQKFãDJLDR WLSFãDFFKRVW WUzQPQJ WURQJVLWH
FãDNKFKKQJFX‹LwÊQKGDQKQ\[F~ÊQKWKHRFKXQ(8,
1K}Y\ORL~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW~}†FWKLWNSKyQFS&XWUảFFãDQĐ
~}†FFKLDWKQKSKQ
• ELWV3XEOLF7RSRORJ\
• ELWV6LWH7RSRORJ\
• ELWV~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ
7URQJPôLSKQFĐWKFKLDOPQKLXFSFRQKQKVDXPLQKKRFXWUảF
SKyQFSQ\
48 bits Public Topology 16 bits SiteTopology 64 bits Interface Indentifier
13 bit TLA ID 8 bitRES 24 bits NLA ID001
NLA1 Site ID
n bits 24 - n bits
Site IDNLA2
m bits 24 - n - m bits
16 bits Subnet
SLA1 Subnet
SubnetSLA 3
n bits 16 - n bits
m bits16 - n - m bits
+QK SK{Q FD pD FK 8QLFDVW
7KHRKQKWUzQSKQJLWUÊ7/$,’FĐÀQJKĂD~ÊQKGDQKQKFXQJFSGÊFK
Y•,3YKQJ~XWUzQWKJL–L&ĐW“QJV‹ W‹L~DFF7/$wFĐ
~}†FP›W7/$,’SKL\zXFX[LQFSTXDP›WV‹W“FKằFTX‹FWl&F
W“FKằFFSSKW7/$,’~¯WUQKE\WURQJSKQSKyQE“~ÊDFK,3YflWUzQ
w‹LY–LP›W,63FK
QJKQQK}9’&lWURQJP{KQKQ\~ĐQJYDLWU⁄O
P›W1/$QH[WOHYHO$JJUHJDWLRQFQSKL[LQFSJLWUÊ1/$,’FãDPQK
WK{QJTXDFFW“FKằF7/$+LQQD\FĐP›WV‹SK}|QJWKằF[LQFSJLWUÊ
1/$,’QK}VDX
• ;LQF~STXDERQH&RPPXQLW\.KL~ĐJLWUÊ7/$,’FãDW“FKằFQ\O
))(%RQHOP›WPQJWK„QJKLP,3YWUzQWRQFX6DXNKLWKR
P¯QP›WV‹\zXFXFãDW“FKằFQ\%RQHVFSSKWJLWUÊ1/$,’FKR
,63[LQFS~ÊDFK
• ;LQF~STXD,QWHUQDWLRQDO5HJLRQDO,QWHUQHW5HJLVWU\5,3
• *Lr OS pD FK ,3Y WÊ pD FK ,3Y JL Oq WR &n FK WR 9–L
SK}|QJWKằFQ\ WKXQO†LFKRYLFWK„QJKLPNWQ‹L ,3YG…D WUzQQQ
,3Y7‚P›WKRVWV„G•QJ~ÊDFK,3YWDFĐP›W~ÊDFK,3YGQJ*OREDO
8QLFDVWQK} VDX7/$ ,’FĐ WLQ W‹ ELWV F⁄Q OL O ~ÊD FK
,3YFãDKRVW~Đ
w‹LY–LPôLW“FKằF7/$VDXNKLFĐ7/$,’FĐWKFSSKWWLS~QFFW“
FKằFFSG}–L9–LPôL7/$FKRSKS~ÊQKGDQKW–LFFW“FKằFNKF
QKDXw‹LY–LFXWUảFFãD1/$,’~}†FSKyQUDWKQKFFSKQQKƠV„
G•QJQELWVWURQJV‹ELWV1/$~~ÊQKGDQKW“FKằF~ĐQELWVF⁄QOL
G‡QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFFKRVWWURQJPQJ
0WNKFWURQJSKQ~ÊDFK1/$,’FĐWKSKyQWKQKFF1/$FSWKS
K|Q~FKRSKSFXQJFSW–LQKLXVLWHV„G•QJHQGXVHUVLWHNKFQKDX
w‹LY–LP›WHQGXVHUVLWHVDXNKL\zXFX[LQ~ÊDFKVQKQ~}†FFFWK{QJ
WLQY7/$,’1/$,’VJQFFJLWUÊ6/$,’~~ÊQKGDQKFFVLWH
WURQJW“FKằF~ĐY~~ÊQKGDQJFFVXEQHWVWURQJPQJFRQ*LWUÊQ\
FàQJW}|QJW…QK}YLFSKyQE“FF~ÊDFK~‹LY–LPôLW“FKằFVDXNKLQKQ
~}†FP›WY‡QJ~ÊDFKWURQJ,3YQJRLWU‚OV‹O}†QJVXEQHWVWURQJP›W
VLWHFĐWKOzQW–LVXEQHWVNKFQKDX
3KQF⁄QOLWURQJFXWUảF~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWO~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ
,QWHUIDFH,’wÊQKGDQKQ\~}†FP{WWKHRFKXQ(8,7X‰WKX›FYR
FKXQFFJLDRWLSNKFQKDXPFĐFFJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’NKFQKDX9Â
G•Y–LFKXQJLDRWLS(WKHUQHWFĐSK}|QJWKằFWRJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’QK}
VDX
• ELWV~ÊQKGQJ(8,~}†F[y\G…QJW‚ELWV~ÊDFK0$&FãDJLDR
GLQFQJQ~ÊDFK
• &KQ[IIIHYRJL”DE\WHWKằYE\WHWKằWURQJ~ÊDFK0$&
• 7K…FKLQ~RELWV~‹LY–LELWVWKằWURQJE\WHWKằQKWFãD~ÊDFK0$&
9ÂG•WDFĐ~ÊDFK0$&FãDP›WJLDRGLQQK}VDXIG
• &KQ[IIIHYRYÊWUÂJL”DE\WH[Y[FãD~ÊDFK0$&GRY\WD
FĐ~ÊDFK(8,QK}VDXIIIHIG
• 7K…FKLQ~RELWV~‹LY–LELWVWKSWKằKDLWURQJE\WH~XFãD~ÊDFK0$&
9ELWVWKằKDLWURQJE\WH~XFãD~ÊDFK0$&OGRY\V
FKX\QWKQKQzQE\WH~XFĐGQJ [
&X‹LF‡QJWDFĐSKQ~ÊQKGQJ(8,QK}VDXIIIHIG
~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK0$&IG
oDFK/RFDO8QLFDVW
1KLXKWK‹QJPQJF•FE›KLQQD\~DQJV„G•QJJLDRWKằF7&3,3~Đ
OFFPQJ,QWUDQHW&àQJJL‹QJQK},3YFĐV„G•QJP›WORL~ÊDFK~W
ELW~~ÊQKGDQKFFKRVWWURQJPQJULzQJ~ÊDFKw‹LY–L
,3YFĐKDLORL~ÊDFK8QLFDVWKôWU†FFOLzQNWF•FE›WURQJP›WPQJ
~ĐOORL~ÊDFK/LQNORFDO$GGUHVVY6LWH/RFDO$GGUHVV
wÊDFKOLQNORFDO8QLFDVW~}†FV„G•QJWUzQP›WNWQ‹L~|QY~ÊDFK6LWH
/RFDO~}†FV„G•QJ~OLzQNWFFVLWHY–LQKDX
+QKVDX~y\PLQKKÔDV…NKFQKDXJL”DYLFV„G•QJFFORL~ÊDFKORFDO
8QLFDVW
6„G•QJ~ÊDFK6LWHORFDO8QLFDVWJQY–LP›WJLDRGLQ~WK…FKLQFF
OLzQNWY–LFFKRVWWURQJP›WVLWH
Hub
Host A Host B
Host C Host D
Same Subnet ID
Same Subnet ID
Su
bn
et
Su
bn
et
+QK &tF ORuL pD FK ORFDO XQLFDVW
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK6LWH/RFDO8QLFDVWQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV
6XEQHW,’ ,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK VLWH ORFDO XQLFDVW
4XLWF~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK6LWHORFDO
• 0›WURXWHUNK{QJWKFKX\QFFJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQJX'QKRF~ÊDFK~ÂFK
O~ÊDFK6LWH/RFDO8QLFDVWUDQJRLPQJ~Đ
• &F ~ÊD FK VLWH ORFDO NK{QJ WK ~}†F FKÔQ ~}fiQJ WUzQ WRQ E› PQJ
LQWHUQHW3KPYLFãDFKảQJFK~}†F~xQJERSKPYLP›WVLWH&KảQJFK
FĐWKG‡QJFKRFFFKX\Q~“LJL”DKDLWUPFãDF‡QJP›WVLWH
3KQJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’~}†FP{WJL‹QJY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
6„G•QJOLQNORFDO~WK…FKLQNWQ‹LJL”DKRVWWU…FWLSY–LQKDX
+QK .W QL WUĐF WLS KRVW GQJ OLQNORFDO
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK/LQNORFDOQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV
,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK /LQNORFDO
*LWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’~}†FP{WJL‹QJY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
1K”QJ~ÊDFKQ\FK~}†F~ÊQKQJKĂDWURQJSKPYLNWQ‹LSRLQWWRSRLQW
~LP~LPYFKFĐWK~}†FV„G•QJEflLFFWUPNWQ‹LY–LF‡QJP›W
OLzQNWKD\F‡QJP›WPQJ~ÊDSK}|QJ
4XLWF~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFKOLQNORFDO
• 0›WURXWHUNK{QJWKFKX\QEWN‰JĐLWLQQRFĐ~ÊDFKQJX'QKRF~ÊD
FK~ÂFKO~ÊDFKOLQNORFDO
1K}SKQ~¯WUQKE\P›WJLDRGLQFĐWKJQQKLXORL~ÊDFKNKF
QKDX+QKVDXPLQKKÔDFFORL~ÊDFK~}†FJQFKRP›WKRVWQĐLFKXQJ
NKLWK…FKLQNWQ‹LW–LPQJ,QWHUQHW,3YYÂG•PQJ%RQH
ERQH
Host A Host B
Router
Global Unicast (3ffe::/16)
Site-local Unicast (FFEC::/10)
Link-local Unicast (FE80::/10)
Site-local (FFEC::/10)
Link-local (FE80::/10)
Site-local (FFEC::/10)
Link-local (FE80::/10)
+QK &tF ORuL pD FK F{Q JtQ pL YL PW 6LWH YqR PuQJ ,3Y
oDFK8QLFDVWWKHRFKXQ,3;
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK,3;WKHRFKXQFãD~ÊDFKL,3YFĐ~ÊQKGQJQK}VDX
ELWV
&K}D~ÊQKQJKĂD
%rQJ &~X WUĂF FD pD FK ,3; WKHR FKX|Q FD pD FKL ,3Y
&KLWLWYORL~ÊDFK,3;WKHRFKXQ,3YFK}D~}†F[F~ÊQKYF⁄Q~DQJ
WURQJJLDL~RQQJKLzQFằX
xflDFK'$Q\FDVW
wÊDFK$Q\FDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJWK}fiQJO
QK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDXYQK”QJJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†FFKX\Q~‹L
JLDRGLQJQQKWFĐ~ÊDFKQ\.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\G…DYRNKRQJ
FFKJQQKW[F~ÊQKTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ7KD\YJ„LJĐL
WLQ~QVHUYHUQR~ĐQĐJ„LJĐLWLQ~Q~ÊDFKFKXQJPV~}†FQKQUD
EflLWWFFFORLVHUYHUWURQJORLQR~ĐYQĐWLQYRKWK‹QJ~ÊQKWX\Q
~~}DJĐLWLQ~QFFVHUYHUJQQKWQ\
7URQJJLDRWKằF,3Y~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJFĐFXWUảF~FELW&F~ÊDFK
$Q\FDVWQPWURQJP›WSKQNK{QJJLDQFãD~ÊDFKXQLFDVW’R~ĐYPW
FXWUảF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVWNK{QJWKSKyQELWY–L~ÊDFK8QLFDVW.KLQK”QJ
~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FJQQKLXK|QFKRP›WJLDRGLQQĐWUflWKQK~ÊDFK
$Q\FDVWw‹LY–LQK”QJQRGH~}†FJQ~ÊDFKQ\SKL~}†FFXKQKY–LÀ
QJKĂDFãD~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW
7URQJFXWUảFFãDEWN‰P›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~XFĐP›WSKQWLQW‹3GL
QKW~[F~ÊQKSKPYLY‡QJP~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~ĐJQFKRFFJLDR
GLQ7KHRFXWUảFQ\WLQW‹3FKRSKSWK…FKLQFFTXLWF~ÊQKWX\Q
~‹LY–L~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWQK}VDX
• w‹LY–LSKQSKÂDWURQJFãDPQJY‡QJ&FJLDRGLQ~}†FJQFF~ÊD
FKDQ\FDVWSKLNKDLERWURQJEQJ~ÊQKWX\QWUzQURXWHUFãDKWK‹QJ~Đ
OQK”QJP•FULzQJELWY–LQKDX
• w‹LY–LJLDRWLSEzQQJRLPQJNKDLERWUzQURXWHUFKJ'PP›WP•FO
SKQWLQW‹3FĐWKKLXSKQWLQW‹Q\~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›WVXEQHWFãD
PQJWURQJ
&KĐ–7URQJWU}|QJK†SSKQWLQW‹3FãD~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWOP›WWSFF
JLWUÊ.KL~ĐFFJLDRGLQ~}†FJQ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWQ\NK{QJQPWURQJ
P›WY‡QJiY‡QJjfl~y\~}†FKLXOY‡QJORJLFGRY\SKLNKDLERWUzQ
FFEQJ~ÊQKWX\QQK}~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWQJKDOSKL
NKDLERULzQJUW‚QJJLDRGLQ
4XDF|FK~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK$Q\FDVWP{WflWUzQWDWK\
P•F~ÂFKWKLWNFãDORL~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~KôWU†QK”QJW“FKằFPFX
WUảFPQJFãDQĐ~}†FFKLDWKHRFXWUảFSKyQFS7URQJ~Đ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW
~}†FJQFKRFFURXWHUlPFFURXWHUQ\~}†FFKLDWKQKFFY‡QJKD\
FFi~RDQj.KLP›WSDFNHW~QURXWHUFSFDRQKWWURQJKWK‹QJQĐV
~}†FFKX\Q~Q~'QJWKfiLFFURXWHUWURQJP›Wi~RQj
6„G•QJ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWFĐQK”QJKQFKQK}VDX
• 0›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FV„G•QJOP~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDP›WJĐLWLQ
,3Y
• 0›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FSKSJQFKRP›WKRVW,3YGRY\QĐFK
~}†FJQFKRP›WURXWHU,3Y
&ĐP›WORL~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~FELW~}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›W
VXEQHWJÔLO6XEQHW5RXWHUDQ\FDVW&XWUảFFãDORL~ÊDFKQ\QK}VDX
QELWV lQELWV
VXEQHWSUHIL[
%rQJ iD FK DQ\FDVW
3KQVXEQHWSUHIL[WURQJFXWUảF~ÊDFKQ\[F~ÊQKP›WOLzQNWF•WK
7ÂQKFKWFãDORL~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWJL‹QJY–L~ÊDFKXQLFDVWOLQNORFDOJQ
FKRFFJLDRGLQWURQJ~ĐSKQ~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ~}†F~WO
/RL~ÊDFKQ\~}†FV„G•QJFKRQK”QJQRGHFQJLDRWLS~'QJWKfiLY–L
P›WWSFFURXWHUWUzQPQJ9ÂG•QJ}fiLG‡QJGL~›QJFĐQKXFX~'QJ
WKfiLF‡QJP›WOảFJLDRWLSY–LFFKRVWF‹~ÊQKYY–LFFKRVWWURQJPQJ
GL~›QJ
xflDFK'0XOWLFDVW
&XWUĐFFKXQJ
wÊDFKPXOWLFDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJWK}fiQJO
QK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDX0›WJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWV~}†FFKX\QW–L
WWFFFJLDRGLQFĐJQ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWQ\
7LQWKyQFãD~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJUD~fiLWUzQF|VflOP›WORL~ÊDFK~}†F
WKzPYRWURQJNLQWUảF~ÊDFK,3YQxPWK{QJTXDF|FK[F~ÊQK
FF~ÊDFKO–S’YWKãW•FTXQOÀQKĐP,*031K”QJQJ}fiLWKLWN
,3YPX‹QWRUDQK”QJWKãW•FP–LQKPWR~LXNLQWKXQO†LK|QFKR
YLFWULQNKDL~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJV„G•QJWUzQWWFFF1RGH,3Y&F
WKãW•FP–LFKRSKSQKQGQJ~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJPWWFFFURXWHUV
QKQUDFKảQJOLzQNWFFKPFKằFQxQJ,&03FãD,3YWURQJWKãW•F
,&03F|EQFãD,3YFKảQJ~PERUQJWWFURXWHUFĐWK~ÊQKWX\Q
FFJĐLWLQ0XOWLFDVW
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELW
)ODJV VFRSH ,’QKĐP
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK PXOWLFDVW
ELW~XFãD~ÊDFKOSUHIL[FĐNÀKLXOELWNWLSOFFFfiWLS
WKHROELWSKPYLVFRSHYE›QKQGQJQKĐPELW
ELWFfiWKFĐELWWKằ~}†FG‡QJFKR,3YELWF⁄QOLFK}D~}†F~ÊQK
QJKĂDY~}†FJQJLWUÊ&•WKQK}VDX
7
%ÂW WKằ W} ~}†F YLW WW O 7 wÊD FK ~}†F SKyQ F‹ ~ÊQK EflL *OREDO ,QWHUQHW
1XPEHULQJ $XWKRULW\ wÊD FK WP WKfiL NK{QJ ~}†F SKyQ F‹ ~ÊQK .KL QKĐP
TX\W~ÊQKWK…FKLQ0XOWLFDVWQĐKƠL6HVVLRQGLUHFWRU\~~ÊDFKQJXQKLzQwÊD
FKQJXQKLzQXQLFLW\RI~}†FNLPWUDEflLWKXWWRQSKWKLQ[XQJ~›W0ôLNKL
VHVVLRQ~}†FNWWKảF~ÊDFK~}†FEƠTXD
7U}fiQJVFRSHSKPYL~}†FP¯KROELWQJX\zQ1Đ~}†FG‡QJ~JL–L
KQSKPYLQKĐP~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW&FJLWUÊFãDWU}fiQJQ\J'P
%LW *LtWU
wGQK
1RGHFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
/LQNFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
&K}DFS
6LWHFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
&K}DFS
7“FKằFFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
$ &K}DFS
% &K}DFS
& &K}DFS
’ &K}DFS
( 3KPYLW“QJWK
) &K}DFS
%rQJ *Lt WU FtF ELWV WURQJ WUoQJ VFRSH
&FJLWUÊQ\FKRSKSYLF[F~ÊQKFKÂQK[FSKPYLY‡QJFãD~ÊDFK
PXOWLFDVW4XD~ĐFFURXWHUV~ÊQKWX\QFFJĐLWLQWURQJSKPYLJL–L
KQ7K{QJWK}fiQJFFSKPYLW“FKằFYYÊWUÂFKFĐWK~}†FWK…FKLQ
QXFFURXWHUELWFFOLzQNWQRWKX›FYW“FKằFQR
&KảÀUQJE›FKWKÊSKPYLNK{QJQKK}flQJÀQJKĂDFãDQKĐP~}†FSKyQ
F‹~ÊQK;HP[WYÂG•E›FKWKÊQKĐPKH[~}†FSKyQFKRFFVHUYHU
WKfiLJLDQPQJ173&KảQJWDFĐWKOPY{KLXQĐY–LSKPYL
Y(~QKQ~}†F~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJQRGHY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJOLzQNWY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJYÊWUÂVLWHY–LQJ}fiL
J„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJW“FKằFY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• )))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQ,QWHUQHW
.K{QJJL‹QJ173QKLXQKĐPFKFĐWK~}†FG‡QJWURQJYLSKPYLJL–LKQ9Â
G•YLFJ„LWLQ~QiWWFFFVHUYHUFXKQKKRVW~›QJWUzQ,QWHUQHWjVNK{QJFĐ
ÀQJKĂD
&zFvDFK0XOWLFDVWvQKQJKDWUuÂF
&FQKQGQJQKĐPQK}i7WFFFVHUYHU173jWK}fiQJ~}†FFSSKWEflL
,QWHUQHW$VVLJQHG1XPEHU$XWKRULW\&KảQJWK}fiQJ~}†F~WVQYRFF
ằQJG•QJWLzXELXFãDQKĐP7WFFFFK}|QJWUQKTXQOÀWKfiLJLDQ
PQJYÂG•PX‹QELW~ÊDFKFãDiWWFFF6HUYHU173WUzQ6LWHjDOO173
6HUYHUO))26&KảQJV~}†FNKDLERK›LYLzQY–LQKĐPQ\NKL
FK}|QJWUQKằQJG•QJ~}†FEW~XF‡QJFFKPFFWKQKYLzQFãDYLGHR
FRQIHUHQFHUDQKS~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWP~¯~}†FFSSKW~›QJYRQKĐP
FãDFKảQJ
&KXQ,3YFK[F~ÊQKQKQGQJQKĐPF‹~ÊQKPWWFFF1RGH
,3YSKLELW
%›QKQGQJQKĐP~}†FJLQKULzQJQĐNK{QJ~}†FG‡QJY–LEWN‰
SKPYÊQR
%›QKQGQJQKĐPFKUDFF~ÊDFKQRGHWWF,3Y1ĐFĐWK~}†F
G‡QJY–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFFQRGHWUzQQRGHQ\KD\
Y–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFFQRGHWUzQ/LQNQ\
%›QKQGQJQKĐPFKUDWWFFF~ÊDFKWWF5RXWHU,3Y1ĐFĐWK
~}†FG‡QJY–LSKPYÊ))~QKQUDWWFFF5RXWHUWUzQQRGH
Q\KD\Y–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFF5RXWHUWUzQ/LQNQ\
%› QKQ GQJ QKĐP KH[ FK UD QKĐP WW F FF VHUYHU FX KQK ~›QJ
’+&3VHUYHUDQGUHOD\V1ĐSKL~}†FG‡QJY–LSKPYL ))~QKQUD
WWFFFVHUYHUFXKQK~›QJ’+&3YFFUHOD\VWUzQOLQNQ\
&KXQFàQJGQKULzQJFFGL~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWW‚))~Q
))))))))))~}†FG‡QJEflL,3YW}|QJ~}|QJFãD$53
0XOWLFDVWURXWLQJ
0XOWLFDVWURXWLQJWUzQLQWHUQHWF⁄Q~DQJOFKã~QJKLzQFằX&FWK{QJ
~LSg\zXFXjiWK{QJERjYiNWWKảFjOQK”QJJ~¯FĐWLWKfiL~LP
KLQWL+LQQD\FĐP›WV‹TXDQ~LPSKWWULQFKÂQKQK}VDX
• 7KzPKD\YLWU}fiQJ~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJWK{QJER~FKUDOFĐWUP
PX‹QQJKHP›WWSK†SFRQFF~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJQ›LE›QKĐP
• 7KzPYRKD\YLWU}fiQJ~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJWK{QJ~LSNWWKảF~FKUD
QĐNK{QJTXDQWyP~QKD\YLWKQKYLzQFãDQKĐP
&FWKãW•F~ÊQKWX\Q0XOWLFDVWFQWKzPWK{QJ~LS~QKQUDFFOLzQNW
QRFãDURXWHUVFKX\QFFJĐLWLQFKRQKĐPQR~Đ&KảQJWDFĐWK
SKLWKzPFFWK{QJ~LSFKRP•F~ÂFK~ĐKRFSKLWKzPFFWU}fiQJWURQJ
WK{QJ~LSWK{QJER
0WNKFYLFPflU›QJUƒUQJOW}|QJWKÂFKY–LW}|QJODL&FWUP,3Y
WKHRF|FKKLQKQKVYQFĐWKQKSYUfiLFFQKĐP
&FGQJflDFK',3YNKF
1JRLFFGQJ~ÊDFK,3YQK}~¯P{WF⁄QFĐP›WV‹GQJ~ÊDFK,3Y
NKFQK}VDX
• wÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQK
• wÊDFKORRSEDFN
• wÊDFK,3YWURQJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3Y
oDFKNKsQJ[zFvQK
wÊDFK~}†FJÔLO~ÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQKwÊDFKQ\
NK{QJWKWV…~}†FJQFKRP›WJLDRGLQQR0›WKRVWNKLNKflLWRFĐWK
V„G•QJ~ÊDFKQ\QK}O~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDQĐWU}–FNKLQĐELW~…†F~ÊD
FKWKWFãDQĐ0›W~ÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQKNK{QJEDRJLfiFĐWK~ĐQJYDL
WU⁄O~ÊDFK~ÂFKWURQJJĐLWLQ,3YKD\WURQJSKQKHDGHUFãDTXWUQK
~ÊQKWX\Q
oDFK/RRSEDFN
wÊDFK~}†FJÔLO~ÊDFKORRSEDFN0›WQRGHVFĐWKV„
G•QJ~ÊDFKQ\~J„LP›WJĐLWLQ,3YFKRFKÂQKQĐwÊDFKORRSEDFN
NK{QJEDRJLfi~}†FV„G•QJQK}~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDEWN‰JĐLWLQ,3YQR
~J„LUDQJRLQRGHV0›WJĐLWLQY–L~ÊDFKORRSEDFNO~ÊDFK~ÂFKV
NK{QJEDRJLfiFĐWKUDNKƠLQRGH~Đ
oDFK,3YWURQJ,3Y
1K}SKQP{WFFORLNÀKLX~ÊDFK,3Y~¯WUQKE\~ÊDFK,3YO
P›WWSFRQFãDNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3Y’R~ĐFXWUảFFãDP›W~ÊDFK
,3Y~}†FP{WWURQJ,3YQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV
wÊDFK,3Y
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK ,3Y WURQJ ,3Y
1K}Y\~ÊDFK,3YVV„G•QJELWVWKS~P{WOLP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
ELWVFDRV~}†FJQEQJ3KQWUQKE\FFSK}|QJWKằFFKX\Q~“L
~PERWÂQKW}|QJWKÂFKJL”D~ÊDFK,3YY,3YVSKyQWÂFKN¿K|QQ›L
GXQJQ\
Các file đính kèm theo tài liệu này:
Gioi_thieu_Ip_version_6.PDF