Bài giảng Organisational behaviour - Chapter 4 Workplace values, ethics and emotions

Workplace values, ethics and emotionsChapter learning objectivesIdentify the different types and levels of values.Define the five main values that vary across cultures.Describe three ethical principles and other factors influencing ethical behaviour.Explain how moral intensity, ethical sensitivity and the situation influence ethical behaviour.Discuss the linkages between emotions and behaviour.Identify the conditions that require, and the problems with, emotional labour.Outline the dimensions of emotional intelligence.Discuss the effect of job satisfaction on task performance and customer service.Describe five strategies to increase organisational commitment.2 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneCourtesy of The WarehouseValues and ethics at The WarehouseThe Warehouse in New Zealand is one of the world’s top discount retailers because of its social responsibility practices and ‘people first’ values.3 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneCourtesy of The WarehouseValues definedStable, long-lasting beliefs about what is importantDefine right or wrong, good or badInclude cross-cultural, ethical and organisational culture values4 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneForms of workplace valuesTerminal versus instrumentalterminal are desired states of existenceinstrumental are desirable modes of behaviourEspoused versus enactedespoused are values we want others to believe we holdenacted are values-in-use; what we actually practice5 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneImportance of values at workGlobalisationincreasing awareness of, and sensitivity to, different values across culturesReplacing direct supervisionpotentially aligns employees’ decisions and actions with corporate goalsDemand for ethical practicesincreasing pressure to engage in ethical practices6 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneValues alignment at WoodsideWoodside Petroleum Ltd is aligning its corporate values more closely with the personal values of its employees.Courtesy of Woodside Petroleum7 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneCollectivists tend toidentify themselves by group membershipgive priority to group goalsput more emphasis on harmonious relationshipshave more socially-based emotions (indebtedness)JapanNZAustraliaCollectivismIndividualismIndonesiaIndividualismcollectivism8 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneThe degree to which people accept an unequal distribution of power in societyJapanN.Z.AustraliaHong KongHigh power distanceMalaysiaLow power distancePower distance9 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneHigh UALow UAS AfricaChinaSingaporeThe degree to which people tolerate ambiguity (low UA) or feel threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty (high UA) Uncertainty avoidanceAustralia10 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneJapanS. KoreaAchievementNurturingN.Z.The degree to which people value assertiveness, competitiveness and materialism (achievement) versus relationships and well-being of others (nurturing)AchievementnurturingAustralia11 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneJapanIndonesiaLong-term orientationShort-term orientationChinaThe degree to which people value thrift, savings and persistence (long-term) versus past and present issues (short-term)Long/short-term orientationAustralia12 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEthics at AMP InsuranceAMP Insurance in Wellington, New Zealand is showing its ethical values and social responsibility by supporting community events, such as this shave-a-thon to raise funds for the Leukaemia and Blood Foundation.© J. Nicholson, Evening Post (Wellington)13 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneThree ethical principlesUtilitarianismgreatest good for greatest numberIndividual rightsfundamental entitlements in societyDistributive justiceinequality with equal access to favoured positionsinequality must benefit the least well off14 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneInfluences on ethical conductMoral intensitydegree to which an issue demands ethical principlesEthical sensitivityability to recognise the presence, and determine the relative importance, of an ethical issueSituational influencescompetitive pressures and other conditions affect ethical behaviour15 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEmotions definedFeelings experienced towards an object, person or event that create a state of readinessemotions demand attention and interrupt our train of thoughtemotions are directed toward something16 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneAttitudeFeelingsBeliefsBehaviouralintentionsBehaviourModel of attitudes and behaviourEmotional episodes17 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEmotional labour definedThe effort, planning and control needed to express organisationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions18 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEmotional labour issuesTrue emotions leak out  especially with low emotional adaptabilityEmotional dissonance causes stressDisplay norms vary across cultures19 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEmotionalintelligenceSelf-awarenessSelf-regulationSelf-motivationSocialskillEmpathyEmotional intelligence dimensions20 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneJob satisfaction and behaviourJob satisfaction reduces turnover, absenteeism, theftWeak association with job performance becausegeneral attitude is a poor predictor of specific behavioursperformance affects satisfaction through rewards21 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneEmployee-customer-profit chainOrgpracticesSatisfiedemployees• Less turnover• Consistent serviceCustomer’sperceivedvalue• Satisfied customers• Customer referralsHigherrevenue growth and profits22 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneOrganisational commitmentAffective commitmentemotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in an organisationContinuance commitmentbelief that staying with the organisation serves your personal interests23 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneBuilding organisational commitmentMaintain fairness and satisfactionProvide some job securitySupport organisational comprehensionInvolve employees in decisionsBuild trust24 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneOverview of the next chapterFour content theories of motivationPractical implications of content motivation theories Expectancy theory and its implications Equity theoryCharacteristics of effective goal setting 25 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim by McShane and TravaglioneWorkplace values, ethics and emotions